Isifinyezo: Njengomthengisi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni, i-Walmart ibe nomthelela omkhulu emkhakheni wezokuthengisa ngisho nakubantu abaningi ababambe iqhaza embonini. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwe-Walmart kubuchwepheshe be-RFID, ikakhulukazi isinqumo sayo sokuphoqelela ukusetshenziswa kwamathegi e-RFID ezigabeni eziningi zemikhiqizo, akumisanga nje kuphela izinga elisha embonini yezokuthengisa, kodwa futhi kubangele ukucabanga okujulile kwemboni mayelana nokwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain.
Amagama angukhiye: i-RFID
Njengomthengisi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni, i-Walmart ibe nomthelela omkhulu emkhakheni wezokuthengisa ngisho nakubantu abaningi ababambe iqhaza embonini. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwe-Walmart kubuchwepheshe be-RFID, ikakhulukazi isinqumo sayo sokuphoqelela ukusetshenziswa kwe-Amathegi e-RFIDezigabeni eziningi zemikhiqizo, ayibekanga nje kuphela izinga lokulinganisa elisha embonini yokuthengisa, kodwa futhi ivuse ukucabanga okujulile kwemboni mayelana nokwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain.
I-RFID akuyona ubuchwepheshe obunembile kakhulu. Selokhu intuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-radar ngawo-1940 yazala isisekelo semfundiso yobuchwepheshe be-RFID, ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka okuhlola nokusebenza, ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buye bashintsha kancane kancane busuka elabhorethri buye emakethe. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokungena ekhulwini lama-21, ngentuthuko esheshayo yobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Internet of Things, i-big data, i-cloud computing, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bulethe amathuba entuthuko angakaze abonwe.
Ngaphandle kwedatha yekhwalithi ephezulu enikezwa yi-RFID, izixazululo ze-AI zingase zingasebenzi kahle ngenxa yokufaka kwekhwalithi ephansi futhi zihluleke ukuletha imiphumela elindelwe yibhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, inhlanganisela yeI-RFID kanye ne-AIkuzoba yimbangela ebalulekile yokuqhuba amabhizinisi ukuze afinyelele uguquko oluhlakaniphile.
Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bukhombisa amandla amakhulu emkhakheni wedatha njengesevisi (i-DaaS). Njengoba izinhlelo ze-RFID zisetshenziswa kabanzi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka, ukubonakala kanye nokuqonda kokusebenza ezikunikezayo kuya ngokuya kuba yigugu. Kubakhiqizi, ukuthunyelwa kwe-RFID kusenesikhathi kungavula nomnyango wokwenza imali ngedatha abayikhiqizayo. Ngokwabelana ngedatha ekhiqizwe yi-RFID kanye nokuqonda okuqhutshwa yi-AI namakhasimende, abakhiqizi bangavula amathuba amasha njengokunikeza idatha njengesevisi, ukuqinisa ubudlelwano namakhasimende, kanye nokuthuthukisa imigomo yezivumelwano zesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kuzoletha imithombo emisha yemali engenayo kubakhiqizi futhi kuthuthukise inzuzo yabo yokuncintisana emakethe.
Isu le-RFID le-Walmart: kusukela ekuphoqelelweni kuya ekuholeni
I-Walmart izibophezele ekwenzeni ngcono ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokuskena amabhakhodi abusebenzi kahle futhi buvame ukwenza amaphutha lapho kuphathwa inani elikhulu lezimpahla. Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID, njengobuchwepheshe bokuqoqa idatha okuzenzakalelayo obungenakuthintana, bunezinzuzo zokuhlonza i-hyperspatial, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nokugcina impahla enkulu. Ingakwazi ukulandelela nokuthola izimpahla ngesikhathi sangempela, inikeze ikhambi elisha lokuphathwa kwe-supply chain.
Ngo-2019, i-Walmart yamemezela ukuthi izophoqelela ukusetshenziswa kwe-RAINAmathegi e-RFIDngezingubo nezicathulo ezithengiswa ezitolo zayo. Lesi sinqumo sabangela isiyaluyalu esikhulu ngaleso sikhathi, futhi abahlinzeki abaningi bazwakalisa ukukhathazeka nokumelana. Kodwa-ke, i-Walmart ayizange ihlehle, kodwa yaphikelela ekuthuthukiseni isu layo le-RFID.
Ngemva kwalokho, i-Walmart yandisa lesi sidingo ezigabeni eziningi ezifana namathoyizi, izinto zikagesi ezisetshenziswa ngabathengi, kanye nezimpahla zasekhaya. Ngemva kokusebenzisa amathegi ngempumelelo kulezi zigaba zemikhiqizo yendabuko, yandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-RAIN.Amathegi e-RFIDeminyangweni eminingi, okuhlanganisa izincwadi, imisebenzi yezandla, abezindaba/imidlalo, kanye nopende kanye nehadiwe ezigabeni zasekhaya nezingadini. I-Walmart ihlela ukuqhubeka nokwengeza izigaba ezengeziwe esikhathini esizayo ukuze ifeze ngokugcwele ukwenziwa kwedijithali kanye nobuhlakani be-supply chain.
Uhlelo lwe-Walmart lokufaka amathegi luqale njengemfuneko ephoqelekile, kodwa njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-RAIN RFID, kancane kancane lube yindinganiso ekhulayo abanye abathengisi abangalandela. I-Walmart isebenzisane eduze nephrojekthi ye-ARC ye-Auburn University RFID Laboratory ukuthuthukisa imininingwane yokusebenza kanye nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa amathegi e-RAIN RFID azosetshenziswa ezitolo ze-Walmart. Lesi sinyathelo asigcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kwamathegi e-RFID, kodwa futhi sihlinzeka ngezindinganiso kanye nezinqubo abanye abathengisi abangafunda kuzo.
Izizathu zokuthi kungani i-Wal-Mart ifaka ukubaluleka kokusetshenziswa kwe-RFID: kusukela ekusebenzeni kahle kuya kokuhlangenwe nakho
Isizathu sokuthi kungani i-Wal-Mart ibeka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe be-RFID sisekelwe kakhulu kulezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. NgokufakaAmathegi e-RFIDEzimpahleni nasemashalofini, i-Wal-Mart ingaqapha isimo sempahla ngesikhathi sangempela, kufaka phakathi ulwazi olufana nokungena nokuphuma, indawo, kanye nenani lempahla. Lolu hlobo lwesikhathi sangempela luvumela i-Wal-Mart ukuthi ilungise ama-oda nezinhlelo zokulethwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze igweme impahla eningi kakhulu noma enganele, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukunemba nokusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwempahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bungasiza i-Wal-Mart ukuthi ilandelele ukuhamba kwezimpahla ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusukela kubahlinzeki kuya ezikhungweni zokusabalalisa noma kusukela ezikhungweni zokusabalalisa kuya ezitolo, amathegi e-RFID anganikeza ulwazi olunembile lwendawo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zingafika ezindaweni ezahlukene zokuthengisa ngesikhathi. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwempahla, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukusilela kwempahla kanye nemicimbi yokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza.
Okwesibili, kuthuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID kwenza i-Wal-Mart ikwazi ukuqonda ngokunembile ulwazi lomkhiqizo, okuhlanganisa isitokwe, ukuthengisa, indawo yomkhiqizo, njll. Lokhu kusiza i-Wal-Mart ukuthi inikeze isevisi yamakhasimende engcono, njengokuthola ngokushesha imikhiqizo nokunikeza ulwazi olunembile lwesitokwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bungasiza i-Wal-Mart ukuthi ifinyelele ukumaketha okunembile kanye nezincomo ezenziwe ngezifiso, okuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende kanye nokwethembeka.
Okwesithathu ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kwabaphakeli. I-Walmart idinga nokuthi abaphakeli bayo basebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-RFID. Ngokusunduza ubuchwepheshe be-RFID phezulu, i-Walmart ifinyelele ekufakweni okungenamthungo nabaphakeli. Lapho abaphakeli bethumela izimpahla, bazonamathisela amathegi e-RFID ezimpahleni futhi babuyekeze njalo ulwazi lwethegi ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa. Lapho izimpahla zifika esikhungweni sokusabalalisa noma esitolo se-Walmart, umfundi we-RFID angafunda ngokuzenzakalelayo ulwazi lwethegi bese eluqhathanisa ne-oda ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuphelela kwezimpahla. Le ndlela yokuphatha abaphakeli ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukunemba kwempahla, kodwa futhi yenza lula inqubo yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka futhi inciphise ukungenelela ngesandla kanye namazinga amaphutha.
Okwesine ukubhekana nokuncintisana kwe-e-commerce. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwe-e-commerce, abathengisi abangokoqobo babhekene nengcindezi yokuncintisana engakaze ibonwe. I-Walmart ithuthukise ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain futhi yathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-RFID, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukisa ukuncintisana kwayo ne-e-commerce. Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buvumela i-Walmart ukuthi iphendule ngokushesha ezinguqukweni zesidingo semakethe, inikeze ukukhetha okucebile kwezimpahla kanye nesipiliyoni sokuthenga esilula kakhudlwana.
Okwesihlanu ukukhuthaza uguquko lwedijithali. Ukwandiswa kwe-RFID yi-Walmart ezigabeni zemikhiqizo emisha kuyingxenye yoguquko lwayo lwedijithali oluqhubekayo. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-RFID, i-Walmart ifinyelele ukucaca, ubuhlakani kanye nokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kweketanga lokuhlinzeka. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, kodwa futhi kubeka isisekelo esiqinile sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo ye-Walmart.
Isiphetho
Isu le-RFID le-Walmart alizange libe nomthelela omkhulu kuphela kulo, kodwa futhi libeke uphawu olusha embonini yonke yokuthengisa. Ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kwe-Walmart kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID, abathengisi abaningi sebeqalile ukunaka nokuzama ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe. I-Dick's Sporting Goods iphinde idinge abahlinzeki eminyangweni eminingi ukuthi basebenzise amathegi e-RFID kuzo zonke izimpahla ezingenayo kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2025.
Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhuthaza ukuthandwa nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID, kodwa futhi kukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwedijithali nokuthuthukiswa kwayo yonke imboni yokuthengisa. Izinkampani zokuthengisa ziyakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala nokubonakala kweketanga lokuhlinzeka, ukwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kwempahla, ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lokuthenga kwamakhasimende, ukuqinisa izindlela zokulwa nokweba kanye nokulwa nokukhwabanisa, ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha, nokuqinisa ukubambisana nabahlinzeki, ukuze bakwazi ukuphendula kangcono ezinguqukweni zemakethe kanye nezinselele futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuncintisana kwamabhizinisi.
Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi embonini yokuthengisa, ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buyasiza izinkampani ukuthi zifinyelele ukuphathwa okungcono kwempahla, zithuthukise ukunemba kwempahla ngaphezu kuka-25%, zinciphise ukuphelelwa yimpahla, ukulahlekelwa kanye nokwebiwa, zikhuphule izinga lokuthengisa elijwayelekile ngo-1% kuya ku-3.5%, futhi zikhuphule imali engenayo ngo-1.5%. I-RFID iphinde inikeze ukubalwa kwempahla okunembile esitolo ukusekela ukulethwa kweziteshi eziningi njengokuthenga ku-inthanethi, ukulethwa okusheshayo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesitolo nesitolo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandisa ukuguquguquka ekuphenduleni ukushaqeka kwe-supply chain.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso sezindleko zamathegi e-RFID sehle kakhulu cishe ngo-80% eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, kanti intengo yabafundi be-RFID yehle cishe ngo-50%, okungakhuthaza kakhulu intshisekelo yamabhizinisi ekusebenziseni lobu buchwepheshe.
Kodwa-ke, umuthi owodwa awukwazi ukwenza ihlathi. Amabhizinisi adinga ukuhlanganisa i-RFID nobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-Intanethi Yezinto ukuze adlale indima yalobu buchwepheshe kangcono ekwenzeni ngcono imisebenzi yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bungamba ngokujulile futhi buhlaziye inani elikhulu ledatha eqoqwe yi-RFID, bathole amaphethini nezitayela ezingaba khona, futhi banikeze ukwesekwa kokwenza izinqumo zenkampani. Ubuchwepheshe be-Intanethi Yezinto bungaxhuma i-RFID namanye amadivayisi ahlakaniphile ukuze kufezwe ukuxhumana kolwazi kanye nokusebenzisana, kuthuthukiswe kakhulu izinga lobuhlakani lochungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Ngokuhlanganisa i-RFID, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-Inthanethi Yezinto, amabhizinisi angakha uhlelo lochungechunge lokuhlinzeka oluhlakaniphe kakhulu, olusebenza kahle futhi oluguquguqukayo. Lolu hlelo lungabona izinguquko ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka ngesikhathi sangempela, luphendule ngokushesha esidingweni semakethe, luthuthukise ukuphathwa kwempahla, luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwempahla, futhi lunciphise izindleko zokusebenza, ngaleyo ndlela luthuthukise ukuncintisana kwamabhizinisi.
Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zokuthengisa kufanele zihambisane nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, zihlole ngenkuthalo ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kobuchwepheshe obufana ne-RFID, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-Intanethi Yezinto, futhi zikhuthaze njalo ukwenziwa ngcono kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwemisebenzi yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-10-2025
